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Une voiture pour les connaisseurs: à la découverte de la British Salmson

Le nom Salmson évoque immédiatement les  petites voitures légères et charmantes produites à Boulogne-Billancourt dans les années 1920. Mais on oublie facilement que la marque a continué à fabriquer des automobiles jusqu’en 1957. Aujourd’hui, de nombreux passionnés considèrent les  voiturettes agiles de l’époque Vintage comme ses plus belles réalisations. Pourtant, cette opinion ne reflète pas forcément l’esprit de la fin des années 1920, une époque où Salmson dut répondre à une demande croissante pour des voitures familiales plus grandes, plus puissantes et utilisables par tous les temps.

 

En 1932, la Salmson S4C fit son apparition : un moteur de 1300 cm³, 12 chevaux, avec double arbre à cames en tête. Avec ses carrosseries berline ou torpédo d’usine, elle n’avait rien de particulièrement enthousiasmant. Et pourtant, le potentiel d’une voiture plus élégante et sportive était bien là. La British Salmson Aero Engine Company, fondée en 1929 pour produire sous licence des moteurs d’avion Salmson, se retrouva vite face à un marché de moteurs d’aviation légère quasi inexistant. L’entreprise choisit alors de se tourner vers l’automobile, et dès 1934, des S4C commencèrent à être produites en Angleterre.

 

Ces versions britanniques différaient des françaises sur plusieurs points — notamment le fait qu’elles étaient vendues en tant que châssis roulants, prêts à recevoir une carrosserie. De nombreux acheteurs, amateurs de lignes audacieuses et élégantes, en profitaient pour faire habiller leur voiture sur mesure. Il existait même une version à haute compression, avec double carburateur, pensée pour les amateurs de conduite sportive.

 

Parmi les carrosseries les plus emblématiques des British Salmson, on retrouve celles signées Ranalah, réalisées par John Charles & Co, disponibles en deux ou quatre places. C’est justement une Ranalah Sports Tourer de 1934 que nous avons ici sous les yeux — dans un splendide état “Oily Rag”, soigneusement conservée mais non restaurée.

Chris Pickering lève le voile sur ce thoroughbred méconnu de l’après-Vintage dans le numéro de mai de The Automobile, actuellement en kiosque.

 

Texte : Zack Stiling
Photographies : Stefan Marjoram

 

Publié:
vendredi mai 23rd, 2025
R Mawer
29 Mai 2025, 23:04
Many years ago I tracked down the former Service Manager of the British Salmson Aero Engine Company. They had given up car manufacture a couple of years before WW2 but had to support owners by maintaining a Service Department, & this facility was kept in being until around 1956. At this point in time, the various makes & models of all pre-war cars were beginning to depreciate a lot in value, & factory support for the Salmsons was beginning to become uneconomical. So the Service Department was closed, & stocks of spare parts were transferred to St. James Garage, a local motor repair business, who took on a few of the workforce from the old company & helped some of the loyal British Salmson owners to keep their cars on the road for a few more years. At the time of the clearout all the old paperwork & photograph albums relating to car production were unwanted by the departing Martineau brothers (the company directors), & the former Service Manager (Mr. Wilfred Barmen) was told he could take the 2 very large photo albums showing the production history of the cars if he so wished. Mr. Barmen was pleased to pass them on to me for a nominal sum of money, along with his Service Department record cards of all the cars made by the company. There was also a set of car manufacturing drawings, & these were saved by the car assembly foreman, Mr. Saville, & eventually passed from him to another member of the Owners Club. The Martineau brothers never owned or drove the cars they had made, using instead various makes of big six cylinder cars, all of which were serviced in the works.
It should be remembered that the company had initially been tooled up to manufacture small Salmson aero engines, for which a large demand had confidently been predicted, but never really materialised. However, a wide variety of high precision engineering products, in many cases for the local aircraft building companies, was undertaken. They also took on work for various government armament subcontractors & general engineering firms. A case in point being the machining of crankcase castings for the engines of the big vee twin motorcycles manufactured by the Vincent company, at Stevenage, on the other side of London. Another activity-post war, was the manufacture of the British Salmson "Ranger Big Crown" printing press, which was considered to be a noteworthy product in its day. This took place alongside the production of the British Salmson "Cyclaid", a small 2 stroke cycle attachment motor. This became reasonably well known, & was in production for a few years.
Final British Salmson engineering production (primarily the Printing Press) was transferred to a Scottish concern & the London works passed into other hands.
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Andrew Beacroft
23 Mai 2025, 17:16
My father & his brother shared a S4C Ranalah 4str tourer before the war.
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Dirk Van Praag
30 Mai 2025, 13:40
I recently bought - togheter with a friend a Salmson Special which is based on a S 4D chassis, and underpinnings ,fitted with a postwar engine from a Salmson 2300S with Cotal gearbox.
It has a lightweight 2 seater body . We are using it for rally's in Europe, and it is a dream to drive
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